1. Soak the Beans: Rinse the dried beans and soak them in plenty of water for 8 hours or overnight. Drain and rinse before cooking.
2. Cook the Beans: Place the beans in a large pot with fresh water. Bring to a boil, then reduce the heat and simmer until tender, usually 45–60 minutes. Drain, reserving some cooking liquid.
3. Prepare the Vegetables: Heat vegetable oil in a saucepan. Add the onion and bell pepper and cook until softened. Stir in the garlic and tomato.
4. Season the Mixture: Add salt, black pepper, cumin, and paprika. Cook for another 2–3 minutes until fragrant.
5. Combine with Beans: Add the cooked beans and vegetable broth. Stir gently and simmer for 10–15 minutes so the flavours combine.
6. Add the Cheese: Reduce the heat and add the cheese cubes. Stir gently until the cheese softens and begins to blend into the dish. Add milk if a creamier consistency is preferred.
7. Finish with Herbs: Stir in fresh parsley and adjust the seasoning. Simmer briefly without allowing the mixture to boil vigorously.
8. Serve: Serve warm in bowls, with extra cheese or fresh herbs if desired. Pair with Paraguayan cornbread or fresh bread.